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PET-CT Scan — what you should know in 2026
How a combined PET-CT scan maps the body's metabolic activity, what it is mainly used for in cancer care, and how to choose a centre with the right expertise.
Written by our medical board, reviewed quarterlyUpdated 21 January 19707 min read
What a PET-CT scan is and when it's used
A PET-CT scan combines two technologies in one study. The PET component uses a small amount of injected radioactive tracer to map metabolic activity — areas of the body that are unusually active, such as many tumours, show up brightly. The CT component provides the anatomical detail to pinpoint exactly where that activity is. Together they show both function and location in a single examination.
PET-CT is mainly a cancer-care tool. It is used to stage a known cancer, to assess how well treatment is working, to look for recurrence, and sometimes to characterise a finding seen on another scan. It has roles in some heart and brain conditions too, but it is rarely a first-line test for a healthy person without a specific reason.
Because of this, a PET-CT is almost always ordered by a specialist as part of a defined plan rather than chosen casually. If you are considering one abroad, it is usually to continue or confirm investigation of a known condition, and the results should feed back into the team managing that condition.
How the scan works and what to expect
The examination takes longer than a standard CT because of the tracer. After arrival you receive an injection of the radioactive tracer — most commonly a glucose-based compound — and then rest quietly for roughly an hour while it distributes through the body. Keeping still and relaxed during this uptake period matters, as activity in muscles can affect the images.
The scan itself then takes around twenty to forty minutes, during which you lie still as the combined scanner acquires the images. You may be asked to fast and to limit strenuous activity beforehand, and people with diabetes receive specific instructions because blood sugar affects the glucose tracer. The whole visit commonly lasts two to three hours.
The radiation comes from both the tracer and the CT component, so the dose is higher than a plain CT, but it is used because the diagnostic information is valuable and usually decisive for cancer management. The tracer is short-lived and clears from the body within hours, helped by drinking fluids.
What it costs and what's included
PET-CT is among the most expensive tests in this category because of the tracer, the specialised scanner and the expertise required. A scan abroad typically falls in the mid-to-high hundreds of euros and can reach four figures, though this is often still well below private rates in higher-cost markets, which is why patients sometimes travel for it.
Confirm what the price includes — the tracer, the scan, and crucially the report by a nuclear medicine physician or radiologist trained to read PET-CT. Interpreting these scans is specialised, and the report is the part that turns the images into clinically useful information.
Because PET-CT is usually part of cancer care, also ask how the centre will share results with your treating team. The scan rarely stands alone; its value depends on being integrated with your diagnosis, prior imaging and treatment plan.
Choosing an accredited centre
PET-CT demands both advanced equipment and scarce expertise, so the centre's credentials are especially important. Look for international accreditation such as JCI or TEMOS, an on-site nuclear medicine department, and scans reported by physicians specifically trained in PET-CT interpretation. The quality of the read matters as much as the scanner.
Ask directly who will interpret your scan and how the result will be communicated to your oncologist or specialist at home. Continuity is critical here: a PET-CT performed in isolation, without integration into your treatment plan, loses much of its value. A reputable centre will expect to share images and reports with your care team.
Given the radioactive tracer, careful safety and preparation protocols — fasting instructions, blood sugar checks, and clear guidance for diabetic patients and anyone who is pregnant or breastfeeding — are also signs of a well-run unit. Attention to these details reflects the centre's overall quality.
After the scan: results and follow-up
After a PET-CT you can generally resume normal activity, though you may be advised to drink plenty of fluids to help clear the tracer and, as a precaution, to limit close, prolonged contact with infants or pregnant women for a few hours while the small amount of radioactivity fades. The centre will give you specific guidance.
The report, prepared by a specialist in reading PET-CT, usually follows within a day or two. It describes areas of abnormal metabolic activity and their location, and in cancer care it is interpreted alongside your previous scans to assess staging, response or recurrence rather than in isolation.
Because a PET-CT is almost always part of managing a serious condition, the results should go straight to your treating specialist so that decisions are made by the team responsible for your care. Share the report and images promptly and discuss the findings with the doctor coordinating your treatment.
Frequently asked
What is a PET-CT scan mainly used for?
It is primarily a cancer-care tool used to stage a known cancer, assess how treatment is working, and check for recurrence. It maps metabolic activity and pinpoints its location, and is rarely a first-line test for a healthy person.
How long does a PET-CT take?
The whole visit commonly lasts two to three hours, including roughly an hour of rest after the tracer injection while it distributes, followed by a scan of about twenty to forty minutes.
Is the radiation a concern?
PET-CT involves a higher dose than a plain CT because of both the tracer and the CT component, but it is used because the information is usually decisive for cancer management. The tracer is short-lived and clears within hours.
Do I need to prepare for the scan?
Usually yes. You may be asked to fast and avoid strenuous activity beforehand, and people with diabetes receive specific instructions because blood sugar affects the glucose tracer. The centre provides detailed guidance.
Is the scan painful?
No. The only discomfort is the tracer injection, similar to a blood test. The scan itself is painless, though lying still for the acquisition and the uptake period requires some patience.
Who should receive my PET-CT results?
Because PET-CT is almost always part of cancer care, the results should go to your treating specialist. Share the report and images promptly so decisions are made by the team coordinating your treatment.